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Inactivation of Piscine orthoreovirus
Author(s) -
Wessel Øystein,
Hansen Elisabeth F.,
Løvoll Marie,
Inami Makoto,
Husby Asbjørn,
Kruse Gesa,
Dahle Maria K.,
Rimstad Espen
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of fish diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.819
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-2761
pISSN - 0140-7775
DOI - 10.1111/jfd.13214
Subject(s) - salmo , biology , virus , virology , disinfectant , infectious dose , microbiology and biotechnology , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , chemistry , organic chemistry
Piscine orthoreovirus infects various salmonid fish species, and the infection is associated with diseases such as heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). There are no vaccines available or genetically selected resistant hosts that can efficiently control piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infection. Currently, the only prophylactic measure against PRV is general biosecurity measures aiming to break the transmission cycle. Methods to eradicate infectious virus from contaminated facilities are desirable, but the knowledge on how to inactivate PRV is lacking. A major bottleneck for inactivation studies is the lack of ability to propagate PRV in cell culture. Therefore, in this study we developed an in vivo model for detection of infectious PRV particles after treatment of the virus with inactivation tools such as heat, pH, iodine, UV and commercially available disinfectants. The results show that standard iodine treatment is efficient in inactivation of the virus, and similarly are high and low pH extremes and treatment with Virocid, a commercially available disinfectant. A UV dose of at least 50 mJ/cm 2 is required for inactivation, and the virus has high resistance against heat treatment.