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Potassium bromate cytotoxicity in the Wister rat model of chronic gastric ulcers: Possible reversal by protocatechuic acid
Author(s) -
Salami Adeola T.,
Adebimpe Mayokun A.,
Olagoke Olawande C.,
Iyiola Toluwalope O.,
Olaleye Samuel B.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of food biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.507
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1745-4514
pISSN - 0145-8884
DOI - 10.1111/jfbc.13501
Subject(s) - potassium bromate , protocatechuic acid , chemistry , pharmacology , gastric mucosa , food science , biochemistry , stomach , antioxidant , medicine , catalysis
The interaction between ingested xenobiotics and the gastrointestinal epithelium influences the possibility of gut epithelial cytotoxicity and systemic toxicity. Potassium bromate (KBrO 3 ) has been shown to perturb the central nervous system and it may be carcinogenic, albeit it is used as a food additive. This highlights the need to understand KBrO 3 ’s effect on the stomach epithelium. Here, we report the cytotoxic potential of KBrO 3 in an ulcerated stomach, as well as possible cytoprotection by the polyphenol ‒ protocatechuic acid. Potassium bromate (12.5 mg/kg) and protocatechuic acid (120 mg/kg) were administered orally while omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was used as standard. Potassium bromate exacerbated gastric ulcers, increased malonaldehyde levels, catalase, and sodium pump activities, but reduced nitric oxide levels. Potassium bromate further increased mast cell count in the muscularis mucosa, while inducing chronic inflammation and moderate angiogenesis in the gastric mucosa. Our results delineate KBrO 3 ‐induced gastric epithelial cytotoxicity that is ameliorated by protocatechuic acid. Practical applications Potassium bromate is a known food additive in the baking, brewing, and cheese‐making process. Conversely, protocatechuic acid (3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid) is the polyphenolic content of plants like Hibiscus sabdariffa L that are commonly consumed as herbal drink, food, spices, and used in folk medicine. This study reports the cytoprotective effect of protocatechuic acid against gastric mucosa ulceration that has been aggravated by potassium bromate.