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Inhibitory effects of tropical almond leaf extract on xanthine oxidase, pancreatic lipase, and angiotensin 1‐converting enzyme, in vitro
Author(s) -
Irondi Emmanuel Anyachukwu,
Agboola Samson Olalekan,
Boligon Aline Augusti
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of food biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.507
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1745-4514
pISSN - 0145-8884
DOI - 10.1111/jfbc.12481
Subject(s) - chemistry , xanthine oxidase , chlorogenic acid , dpph , hyperuricemia , caffeic acid , abts , linoleic acid , angiotensin converting enzyme , biochemistry , quercetin , ic50 , food science , antioxidant , uric acid , fatty acid , enzyme , endocrinology , biology , in vitro , blood pressure
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO), pancreatic lipase (PL) and angiotensin 1‐converting enzyme (ACE) is an important therapeutic approach for treating hyperuricemia, obesity, and hypertension, respectively. Hence, in this study, polyphenolics‐rich extract of tropical almond ( Terminalia catappa ) leaf was evaluated for its XO, PL, and ACE inhibitory ability. In addition, the free radicals (2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical [DPPH*] and 2,2‐azinobis (3‐ethyl‐benzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) [ABTS* + ]) scavenging effects, and high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode‐array detection (HPLC‐DAD) profile of the phenolic constituents of the extract were determined. The extract effectively inhibited XO (IC 50 : 24.75 ± 2.11 μg/mL), PL (IC 50 : 10.82 ± 1.02 μg/mL), and ACE (IC 50 : 14.98 ± 1.06 μg/mL) in a pattern that was dose‐dependent. The extract strongly scavenged DPPH* and ABTS* + . Quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, caffeic acid, and p ‐coumaric acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in the extract as determined by HPLC‐DAD. By inhibiting XO, PL, and ACE, tropical almond leaf polyphenolics‐rich extract may be useful for retarding uric acid, fatty acids, and angiotensin II formation, indicating an important strategy for treating hyperuricemia, obesity, and hypertension, respectively. Practical applications Reducing the levels of uric acid, fatty acids, and angiotensin II through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO), pancreatic lipase (PL), and angiotensin 1‐converting enzyme (ACE), is an important pharmacological approach for managing hyperuricemia, obesity, and hypertension, respectively. This study showed the effectiveness of tropical almond leaf polyphenolics‐rich extract as a common natural inhibitor of XO, PL, and ACE. Tropical almond leaf may, therefore, be beneficial for the management of hyperuricemia, obesity, and hypertension.