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Kinematics and energetics of swimming performance during acute warming in brown trout Salmo trutta
Author(s) -
Lea J. M. D.,
Keen A. N.,
Nudds R. L.,
Shiels H. A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of fish biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.672
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1095-8649
pISSN - 0022-1112
DOI - 10.1111/jfb.12788
Subject(s) - brown trout , salmo , energetics , respirometry , strouhal number , biology , zoology , kinematics , ecology , fishery , physics , mechanics , fish <actinopterygii> , reynolds number , classical mechanics , biochemistry , turbulence
This study examined how acute warming of water temperature affects the mechanical efficiency of swimming and aerobic capabilities of the brown trout Salmo trutta . Swimming efficiency was assessed using the relationship between swimming kinematics and forward speed ( U ), which is thought to converge upon an optimum range of a dimensionless parameter, the Strouhal number ( S t ). Swim‐tunnel intermittent stopped‐flow respirometry was used to record kinematics and measure oxygen consumption ( Ṁ O 2 ) of S. trutta during warming and swimming challenges. Salmo trutta maintained S t between 0·2 and 0·3 at any given U over a range of temperatures, irrespective of body size. The maintenance of S t within the range for maximum efficiency for oscillatory propulsion was achieved through an increase in tail‐beat frequency ( f tail ) and a decrease in tail‐beat amplitude ( A ) as temperature increased. Maintenance of efficient steady‐state swimming was fuelled by aerobic metabolism, which increased as temperature increased up to 18° C but declined above this temperature, decreasing the apparent metabolic scope. As S t was maintained over the full range of temperatures whilst metabolic scope was not, the results may suggest energetic trade‐offs at any given U at temperatures above thermal optima.