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Phylogeography of Artemisia frigida (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) based on genotyping‐by‐sequencing and plastid DNA data: Migration through Beringia
Author(s) -
Oyundelger Khurelpurev,
Harpke Dörte,
Herklotz Veit,
Troeva Elena,
Zheng Zhenzhen,
Li Zheng,
Oyuntsetseg Batlai,
Wagner Viktoria,
Wesche Karsten,
Ritz Christiane M.
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of evolutionary biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.289
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1420-9101
pISSN - 1010-061X
DOI - 10.1111/jeb.13960
Subject(s) - biology , phylogeography , range (aeronautics) , ecology , biological dispersal , phylogenetic tree , evolutionary biology , population , genetics , materials science , demography , sociology , gene , composite material
Artemisia frigida is a temperate grassland species that has the largest natural range among its genus, with occurrences across the temperate grassland biomes of Eurasia and North America. Despite its wide geographic range, we know little about the species’ distribution history. Hence, we conducted a phylogeographical study to test the hypothesis that the species’ distribution pattern is related to a potential historical migration over the ‘Bering land bridge’. We applied two molecular approaches: genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) and Sanger sequencing of the plastid intergenic spacer region ( rpl32 – trnL ) to investigate genetic differentiation and relatedness among 21 populations from North America, Middle Asia, Central Asia and the Russian Far East. Furthermore, we identified the ploidy level of individuals based on GBS data. Our results indicate that A . frigida originated in Asia, spread northwards to the Far East and then to North America across the Bering Strait. We found a pronounced genetic structuring between Middle and Central Asian populations with mixed ploidy levels, tetraploids in the Far East, and nearly exclusively diploids in North America except for one individual. According to phylogenetic analysis, two populations of Kazakhstan (KZ2 and KZ3) represent the most likely ancestral diploids that constitute the basally branching lineages, and subsequent polyploidization has occurred on several occasions independently. Mantel tests revealed weak correlations between genetic distance and geographical distance and climatic conditions, which indicates that paleoclimatic fluctuations may have more profoundly influenced A . frigida's spatial genetic structure and distribution than the current environment.