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Immune priming depends on age, sex and Wolbachia in the interaction between Armadillidium vulgare and Salmonella
Author(s) -
PrigotMaurice Cybèle,
Cerqueira De Araujo Alexandra,
BeltranBech Sophie,
BraquartVarnier Christine
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of evolutionary biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.289
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1420-9101
pISSN - 1010-061X
DOI - 10.1111/jeb.13721
Subject(s) - wolbachia , biology , priming (agriculture) , immune system , immunity , salmonella enterica , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , zoology , salmonella , bacteria , ecology , host (biology) , genetics , botany , germination
The protection conferred by a first infection upon a second pathogenic exposure ( i.e . immune priming) is an emergent research topic in the field of invertebrate immunity. Immune priming has been demonstrated in various species, but little is known about the intrinsic factors that may influence this immune process. In this study, we tested whether age, gender and the symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia affect the protection resulting from immune priming in A. vulgare against S. enterica . We firstly primed young and old, symbiotic and asymbiotic males and females, either with a non‐lethal low dose of S. enterica , LB broth or without injection (control). Seven days post‐injection, we performed a LD 50 injection of S. enterica in all individuals and we monitored their survival rates. We demonstrated that survival capacities depend on these three factors: young and old asymbiotic individuals (males and females) expressed immune priming ( S. enterica ‐primed individuals survived better than LB‐primed and non‐primed), with a general decline in the strength of protection in old females, but not in old males, compared to young. When Wolbachia is present, the immune priming protection was observed in old, but not in young symbiotic individuals, even if the Wolbachia load on entire individuals is equivalent regardless to age. Our overall results showed that the immune priming protection in A. vulgare depends on individuals’ states, highlighting the need to consider these factors both in mechanistical and evolutionary studies focusing on invertebrate's immunity.