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The association between serum vitamin D level and risk and prognosis of melanoma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Tsai T.Y.,
Kuo C.Y.,
Huang Y.C.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the european academy of dermatology and venereology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1468-3083
pISSN - 0926-9959
DOI - 10.1111/jdv.16189
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , meta analysis , confidence interval , melanoma , hazard ratio , breslow thickness , vitamin d and neurology , gastroenterology , oncology , cancer , cancer research , sentinel lymph node , breast cancer
Background Vitamin D has antineoplastic effects, but the synthesis of vitamin D requires ultraviolet radiation, a known risk factor for melanoma. Objective To investigate the correlations between serum vitamin D levels and risk and prognosis of melanoma. Methods A systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted. Online databases were searched on 31 Oct 2018. Results Twenty‐five studies with a total of 11166 patients with melanoma were included. There was no significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between patients with melanoma and controls [standardized mean difference ( SMD ), −0.185; 95% confidence interval ( CI ), −0.533 to 0.162]. However, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in patients with melanoma than that in controls (odds ratio, 2.115; 95% CI , 1.151–3.885). In terms of prognosis, serum vitamin D levels were significantly higher in melanoma patients with lower Breslow thickness (≦1 vs. >1 mm: SMD , 0.243; 95% CI , 0.160–0.327). Moreover, melanoma patients with lower vitamin D levels had a significantly higher mortality rate (hazard ratio, 1.558; 95% CI , 1.258–1.931). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher Breslow thickness and mortality in melanoma patients.