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Nail–patella syndrome: report of 11 pediatric cases
Author(s) -
FigueroaSilva O.,
Vicente A.,
Agudo A.,
BaliuPiqué C.,
GómezArmayones S.,
AldunceSoto M.J.,
Inarejos Clemente E.J.,
Navallas Irujo M.,
Gutiérrez de la Iglesia D.,
GonzálezEnseñat M.A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of the european academy of dermatology and venereology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1468-3083
pISSN - 0926-9959
DOI - 10.1111/jdv.13683
Subject(s) - medicine , aplasia , patella , dysplasia , hypoplasia , nail (fastener) , surgery , radiological weapon , pediatrics , dermatology , pathology , metallurgy , materials science
Background Nail–patella syndrome ( NPS ) is an inherited disease produced by mutations in the LMX 1B gene. It is characterized by fingernail dysplasia, hypoplastic or absent patella, dysplasia of the elbows and iliac horns on X‐ray. It is useful to know this syndrome since some patients develop nephropathy and eye abnormalities. There are very few accurate descriptions related to this syndrome in the literature. Objective Describe the features of 11 patients with NPS in a paediatric hospital. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our clinical database of 11 patients with proven diagnosis of NPS from 1977 to 2014. Clinical and radiological features were assessed. Results Eleven children (seven male/four female) were included in the study. Mean age at the time of diagnosis was 6.54 years (range 0–11 years). Five patients had a family history of NPS . All patients had nail abnormalities (100%), the most frequent finding being hyponychia. Triangular lunulae were observed in four patients. The knee was the most commonly affected joint, aplasia or hypoplasia of the patella being the most usual findings. Only one patient presented renal involvement. The genetic study revealed three different LMX 1B mutations. Conclusion Nail–patella syndrome is a rare disorder. The aim of the present study is to highlight the importance of nail examination in children with skeletal dysplasias, in order to diagnose the NPS .