Open AccessFailure of monotherapy in clinical practice in patients with type 2 diabetes: The Korean National Diabetes Program
Author(s) -
Jeon Ja Young,
Lee Soo Jin,
Lee Sieun,
Kim Soo Jin,
Han Seung Jin,
Kim Hae Jin,
Kim Dae Jung,
Kim Young Seol,
Woo Jeong Taek,
Ahn Kyu Jeung,
Nam Moonsuk,
Baik Sei Hyun,
Park Yongsoo,
Lee KwanWoo
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of diabetes investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.089
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 2040-1124
pISSN - 2040-1116
DOI - 10.1111/jdi.12801
Subject(s) - medicine , metformin , hazard ratio , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , confidence interval , sulfonylurea , proportional hazards model , propensity score matching , type 2 diabetes mellitus , cohort study , prospective cohort study , insulin , endocrinology
Aims/Introduction We investigated the failure of monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in real practice settings. Materials and Methods The Korean National Diabetes Program was a prospective, multicenter observational cohort study of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Korea. Of the 3,950 patients enrolled in the study, we studied 998 who were continuously maintained on monotherapy for at least 90 days at six participating centers. To balance the baseline characteristics of patients in each group, we used propensity matching at a 1:1 ratio (metformin vs sulfonylureas) and 4:1 ratio (metformin vs meglitinides and metformin vs alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors [ aGI s]). The hazard ratios ( HR s) of treatments (compared with metformin) were determined by Cox's proportional hazards regression modeling. Results The median follow‐up time was 56 months, and monotherapy failed in 45% of all patients. The annual incidences of failure were 15.6%, 21.3%, 27% and 9.6% in the metformin, sulfonylurea, meglitinide and aGI groups. Compared with metformin, sulfonylureas and meglitinides were associated with higher risks of monotherapy failure ( HR 1.39, 95% confidence interval [ CI ] 1.08–1.80; HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.13–3.27), and aGI s with risks similar to that of metformin ( HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.44–1.45). When analyzed by failure type, sulfonylureas, meglitinides and aGI s were associated with a higher risk of a switch to other agents ( HR 4.43, 95% CI 2.14–9.17; HR 18.80, 95% CI 6.21–56.93; HR 4.25, 95% CI 1.49–12.13), and aGI s with a lower risk of prescription of add‐on second agents ( HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04–0.64). Conclusions Metformin was associated with a lower failure risk than were sulfonylureas and meglitinides, but a comparable aGI failure rate.