Premium
Calcium channel blockers and the incidence of breast and prostate cancer: A meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Thakur A. A.,
Wang X.,
GarciaBetancourt M. M.,
Forse R. A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.622
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1365-2710
pISSN - 0269-4727
DOI - 10.1111/jcpt.12673
Subject(s) - medicine , meta analysis , prostate cancer , breast cancer , incidence (geometry) , oncology , odds ratio , publication bias , cancer , gynecology , physics , optics
Summary What is known and objective Breast cancer ( BC a) and prostate cancer ( PC a), both hormone‐dependent cancers, are the second leading cause of death in both women and men, respectively. Calcium channel blockers ( CCB s) have been thought to increase the risk of cancer by inhibiting calcium signal‐mediated apoptosis, but the evidence for this association remains inconclusive. We have reviewed pertinent literature and pooled data to establish a consensus on the relationship of CCB use and the incidence of these two cancers. Methods PubMed was used to conduct a search for English articles from inception to April 2016. Relevant data including study design, number of total participants and CCB users, total cases of BC a and PC a, age (mean and/or range), follow‐up period and statistical outcomes were retrieved. Quality assessment was carried out using Newcastle Ottawa system, with the selection of high‐quality studies. Summary effects were obtained using random‐ and mixed‐effects models, followed by sensitivity analysis, and testing for publication bias. Results and discussion This meta‐analysis includes 11 relevant studies for BC a and 6 for PC a. The odds ratio ( OR ) association between BC a and CCB use was 1.14 (95% CI : 1.02, 1.27, P = .02). The OR association between PC a and CCB use was 1.12 (95% CI .94‐1.35, P = .21). What is new and conclusion Although a statistically significant association between CCB use and incidence of BC a does exist, the limitations of the individual studies restrict the clinical application of this relationship. Our meta‐regression model does newly identify a 9‐year latency period of CCB use and a significantly increased risk of BC a. No significant association exists between CCB use and the incidence of PC a. Our meta‐regression shows CCB may have a protective effect upon PC a incidence among older populations.