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Allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism in amlodipine‐induced gingival enlargement
Author(s) -
Kala N.,
Babu S. P. K. K.,
Manjeu J.,
Aadivalavan A.,
Khan R.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.622
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1365-2710
pISSN - 0269-4727
DOI - 10.1111/jcpt.12587
Subject(s) - amlodipine , single nucleotide polymorphism , genotype , allele , polymerase chain reaction , gingival enlargement , pharmacogenomics , medicine , angiotensin converting enzyme , pharmacology , biology , gene , genetics , pathology , blood pressure
Summary What is known and objective Studies indicate that there is an increased serum concentration of amlodipine (a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina) in patients having mutant multidrug resistance 1 ( MDR 1) gene. Hence, genetic factors may play a very significant role in amlodipine‐induced complications including gingival enlargement. Case description Three patients with amlodipine‐induced gingival enlargement showed improvement following drug substitution of amlodipine with enalapril (an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor) and non‐invasive periodontal therapy. Using allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction, single nucleotide polymorphism of MDR 1 gene of heterozygous mutant type ( CT genotype) was identified in all three cases. What is new and conclusion Drug‐induced complications can potentially be a result of genetic factors, in combination with various local and systemic factors. Identifying genetic polymorphisms early might help predict adverse reactions and determine prognosis.