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Multivariate associations between behavioural dimensions and white matter across children and adolescents with and without attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Author(s) -
Bu Xuan,
Gao Yingxue,
Liang Kaili,
Bao Weijie,
Chen Ying,
Guo Lanting,
Gong Qiyong,
Lu Hanzhang,
Caffo Brian,
Mori Susumu,
Huang Xiaoqi
Publication year - 2023
Publication title -
journal of child psychology and psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.652
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1469-7610
pISSN - 0021-9630
DOI - 10.1111/jcpp.13689
Subject(s) - white matter , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , psychology , impulsivity , multivariate statistics , multivariate analysis , cognition , developmental psychology , conduct disorder , clinical psychology , psychiatry , medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , statistics , mathematics , radiology
Background Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder. Integrity of white matter microstructure plays a key role in the neural mechanism of ADHD presentations. However, the relationships between specific behavioural dimensions and white matter microstructure are less well known. This study aimed to identify associations between white matter and a broad set of clinical features across children and adolescent with and without ADHD using a data‐driven multivariate approach. Method We recruited a total of 130 children (62 controls and 68 ADHD) and employed regularized generalized canonical correlation analysis to characterize the associations between white matter and a comprehensive set of clinical measures covering three domains, including symptom, cognition and behaviour. We further applied linear discriminant analysis to integrate these associations to explore potential developmental effects. Results We delineated two brain–behaviour dimensional associations in each domain resulting a total of six multivariate patterns of white matter microstructural alterations linked to hyperactivity–impulsivity and mild affected; executive functions and working memory; externalizing behaviour and social withdrawal, respectively. Apart from executive function and externalizing behaviour sharing similar white matter patterns, all other dimensions linked to a specific pattern of white matter microstructural alterations. The multivariate dimensional association scores showed an overall increase and normalization with age in ADHD group while remained stable in controls. Conclusions We found multivariate neurobehavioral associations exist across ADHD and controls, which suggested that multiple white matter patterns underlie ADHD heterogeneity and provided neural bases for more precise diagnosis and individualized treatment.