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Treatment of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Preshaw Philip M.,
Taylor John J.,
Jaedicke Katrin M.,
De Jager Marko,
Bikker Jan Willem,
Selten Wieke,
Bissett Susan M.,
Whall Kerry M.,
Merwe Rachel,
Areibi Aisha,
Jitprasertwong Paiboon,
AlShahwani Rana,
Weaver Jolanta,
Taylor Roy,
Wassall Rebecca R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.13274
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontitis , inflammation , adiponectin , diabetes mellitus , systemic inflammation , type 2 diabetes , gastroenterology , immunology , endocrinology , insulin resistance
Aims To assess the impact of periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods Adults with type 2 diabetes ( n = 83) and without diabetes (controls, n = 75) were recruited, and participants with periodontitis received periodontal treatment and 12 months’ follow‐up. Biomarkers for periodontal inflammation (gingival crevicular fluid interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interferon‐γ, matrix metalloproteinase‐8, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, adiponectin) and serum markers of inflammation and diabetes control (glycated haemoglobin, high sensitivity C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interferon‐γ, leptin, adiponectin) were measured. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate periodontal treatment effects on oral and systemic inflammation. Results Periodontal treatment resulted in significant improvements in clinical status and reductions in gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers from baseline to month 12. Structural equation modelling identified that, at baseline, individuals with diabetes and periodontitis had significantly higher systemic inflammation than non‐diabetic controls with periodontitis (Δ = 0.20, p = .002), with no significant differences between groups for oral inflammation. There was a greater reduction in systemic inflammation following periodontal treatment in individuals with diabetes and periodontitis compared to those with periodontitis but not diabetes (Δ = −0.25, p = .01). Conclusions Diabetes and periodontitis together appear to increase systemic inflammation, with evidence of reductions following periodontal treatment.