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Chronic periodontitis impairs polymorphonuclear leucocyte–endothelium cell interactions and oxidative stress in humans
Author(s) -
MartinezHerrera Mayte,
LópezDomènech Sandra,
Silvestre Francisco Javier,
SilvestreRangil Javier,
Bañuls Celia,
Victor Victor M.,
Rocha Milagros
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.13027
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , superoxide , periodontitis , immunology , endothelium , adhesion , chronic periodontitis , inflammation , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , proinflammatory cytokine , cell adhesion , medicine , cell , biochemistry , organic chemistry , enzyme
Aim To evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress parameters in polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) and PMN–endothelial cell interactions in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) according to different degrees of severity of the disease. Materials and methods For this cross‐sectional study, 182 subjects were divided into four groups according to degree of CP: without CP ( n = 37), mild CP ( n = 59), moderate CP ( n = 51), and severe CP ( n = 35). We determined anthropometric and biochemical variables, periodontal parameters, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress parameters (superoxide and mitochondrial membrane potential), and PMN–endothelium cell interactions (rolling flux, velocity, and adhesion). Results Systemic inflammatory markers—C‐reactive protein, leucocyte count, TNFα, and retinol‐binding protein 4—were altered in the group with CP. Total superoxide was augmented in patients with moderate and severe periodontitis, whereas mitochondrial membrane potential did not change. Furthermore, PMNs adhesion and rolling flux were increased in subjects with CP. Conclusion In a systemic proinflammatory environment, PMNs from patients with CP exhibit hyperactivity and produce higher amounts of superoxide. In parallel with this, an increase in PMNs rolling flux and cell adhesion to the endothelium suggests the presence of alterations of PMN–endothelium interactions in patients with CP that can lead to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications.