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The innate host response in caries and periodontitis
Author(s) -
Meyle Joerg,
Dommisch Henrik,
Groeger Sabine,
Giacaman Rodrigo A.,
Costalonga Massimo,
Herzberg Mark
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12781
Subject(s) - innate immune system , periodontitis , immune system , immunity , acquired immune system , biology , immunology , antimicrobial peptides , effector , infectious disease (medical specialty) , inflammation , antimicrobial , disease , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , pathology , dentistry
Innate immunity rapidly defends the host against infectious insults. These reactions are of limited specificity and exhaust without providing long‐term protection. Functional fluids and effector molecules contribute to the defence against infectious agents, drive the immune response, and direct the cellular players. Aim To review the literature and present a summary of current knowledge about the function of tissues, cellular players and soluble mediators of innate immunity relevant to caries and periodontitis. Methods Historical and recent literature was critically reviewed based on publications in peer‐reviewed scientific journals. Results The innate immune response is vital to resistance against caries and periodontitis and rapidly attempts to protect against infectious agents in the dental hard and soft tissues. Soluble mediators include specialized proteins and lipids. They function to signal to immune and inflammatory cells, provide antimicrobial resistance, and also induce mechanisms for potential repair of damaged tissues. Conclusions Far less investigated than adaptive immunity, innate immune responses are an emerging scientific and therapeutic frontier. Soluble mediators of the innate response provide a network of signals to organize the near immediate molecular and cellular response to infection, including direct and immediate antimicrobial activity. Further studies in human disease and animal models are generally needed.