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Clinical and microbiological effects of the adjunctive use of probiotics in the treatment of gingivitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Author(s) -
Montero Eduardo,
Iniesta Margarita,
Rodrigo Marta,
Marín María José,
Figuero Elena,
Herrera David,
Sanz Mariano
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12752
Subject(s) - probiotic , pediococcus acidilactici , gingivitis , medicine , placebo , randomized controlled trial , gastroenterology , lactobacillus plantarum , dentistry , lactic acid , biology , bacteria , pathology , genetics , alternative medicine
Aim To evaluate the efficacy of a probiotic combination in the treatment of gingivitis and to assess its impact on the subgingival microbiota. Materials and Methods A placebo‐controlled clinical trial was conducted in gingivitis subjects during 6 weeks. Test treatment consisted of the administration of two oral tablets per day containing the probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus acidilactici ; the control group received the same tablets but without live bacteria. The main outcome variable was the changes in gingival index ( GI ). Subgingival samples were collected and analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qPCR ) for five putative periodontal pathogens. Outcome variables were compared between and within groups, and multiple regression analysis was performed. Results A total of 59 patients (29 tests, 30 placebos) were included in the analysis. Both treatment groups experienced a statistically significant improvement in mean GI ( p < .0001), but no differences between treatment groups were found for any clinical index. A significantly higher reduction in the number of sites with higher GI scores ( GI = 3 at baseline) was observed in the test group. In subgingival samples, a significant reduction in T. forsythia was significant only in the test group ( p < .008). Conclusions The use of probiotic tablets containing L. plantarum , L. brevis and P . acidilactic i did not lead to significant changes in mean GI ; although a significant reduction occurred in the number of sites with severe inflammation. Furthermore, the adjunctive use of this probiotic promoted a significant microbiological impact.