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Soft tissue volume augmentation at dental implant sites using a volume stable three‐dimensional collagen matrix – histological outcomes of a preclinical study
Author(s) -
Thoma Daniel S.,
Naenni Nadja,
Benic Goran I.,
Hämmerle Christoph H. F.,
Jung Ronald E.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12635
Subject(s) - soft tissue , hard tissue , dentistry , connective tissue , materials science , implant , medicine , biomedical engineering , pathology , surgery
Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to test whether or not soft tissue augmentation with a collagen matrix ( VCMX ) leads to a similar increase in ridge width around dental implants compared to the use of an autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft ( SCTG ). Materials and Methods In 12 dogs, immediate dental implants were placed with simultaneous guided bone regeneration. Three months later, soft tissue volume augmentation was performed by randomly allocating three treatment modalities to these sites [ VCMX , SCTG , sham‐operated group (control)]. Dogs were sacrificed at 1 ( n = 4), 2 ( n = 4) or 6 months ( n = 4). Descriptive histology and histomorphometric measurements for soft tissue thickness were performed on non‐decalcified sections. Results The horizontal soft tissue thickness was maximal at the most coronal level (alveolar crest) at 1 month ( VCMX : 2.1 ± 1.6 mm; SCTG : 2.5 ± 1.7 mm; p = 0.877) and decreased until 6 months. At 6 months, the greatest mucosal thickness was at a level 3.5 mm below the crest ( VCMX : 0.8 ± 0.3 mm; SCTG : 0.7 ± 0.2 mm) ( p = 0.754). Control sites revealed no relevant soft tissue augmentation at any level and any time‐point. Tissue integration for VCMX and SCTG were favourable with minimal inflammatory reactions. Conclusions Soft tissue volume augmentation at implant sites was obtained to a similar extent using VCMX and SCTG up to 2 months. Thereafter, degradation and remodelling processes were enhanced leading to a minimal increase in soft tissue thickness at 6 months for VCMX and SCTG .