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Neutrophil superoxide release and plasma C‐reactive protein levels pre‐ and post‐periodontal therapy
Author(s) -
Ling Martin R.,
Chapple Iain L. C.,
Matthews John B.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12575
Subject(s) - superoxide , periodontitis , fusobacterium nucleatum , chronic periodontitis , medicine , reactive oxygen species , porphyromonas gingivalis , c reactive protein , inflammation , immunology , periodontal pathogen , chemistry , biochemistry , enzyme
Aim To determine peripheral blood neutrophil superoxide release and C‐reactive protein ( CRP ) concentration in chronic periodontitis patients, before and after non‐surgical periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods Neutrophils were isolated from patient and control volunteers ( n = 20) and superoxide measured by lucigenin‐enhanced chemiluminescence with and without stimulation with unopsonized Porphyromonas gingivalis , unopsonized Fusobacterium nucleatum and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate ( PMA ) before and 2‐months following non‐surgical therapy. Corresponding high‐sensitivity plasma CRP concentrations were also determined. Results At pre‐treatment baseline, patient neutrophils released more superoxide in the absence ( p ≤ 0.032) and presence of periodontal bacteria ( p ≤ 0.013) and after PMA stimulation ( p = 0.041) compared to control cells. Post‐therapy, patient neutrophil superoxide release was reduced to control cell levels. Median patient plasma CRP concentrations were non‐significantly higher than control values and were reduced after therapy (1.80–1.36 mg/l). Patient pre‐treatment baseline, unstimulated neutrophil superoxide release showed a significant, positive correlation with plasma CRP concentration ( p = 0.01). Conclusions Chronic periodontitis is characterized by peripheral neutrophils exhibiting superoxide hyperactivity and hyper‐reactivity to periodontal pathogens that is not a constitutive feature of periodontitis patients. The positive, pre‐therapy relationship between unstimulated neutrophil superoxide release and plasma CRP is consistent with a protective role for CRP in reducing oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in vivo .