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Growth/differentiation factor‐5: pre‐clinical and clinical evaluations of periodontal regeneration and alveolar augmentation – review
Author(s) -
Lee Jaebum,
Wikesjö Ulf M.E.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12260
Subject(s) - periodontal fiber , dental alveolus , cementum , regeneration (biology) , medicine , dentistry , periodontitis , clinical trial , wound healing , pathology , surgery , biology , dentin , microbiology and biotechnology
Aim: Growth/differentiation factor‐5 ( GDF ‐5) plays critical roles in mesenchymal cell differentiation and stimulates human periodontal ligament cell proliferation. Potentially, GDF ‐5 may also play roles in wound healing including periodontal regeneration and alveolar augmentation. The objective of this review was to provide up‐to‐date information from pre‐clinical/clinical studies evaluating GDF ‐5 for these indications. Methods: A comprehensive search using PubMed and Google search engines was conducted to identify reports on GDF ‐5 applied to periodontal and alveolar indications. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts from a total of 479 reports. Full‐length articles of 17 pre‐clinical and four clinical studies were selected and reviewed. Results: Canine‐, porcine‐ and non‐human primate‐based models as well as human clinical trials were used in the evaluation of GDF ‐5 in support of periodontal regeneration and alveolar augmentation. An absorbable collagen sponge ( ACS ), β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐ TCP ) and a poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid ( PLGA ) were evaluated as candidate carriers for GDF ‐5 using various dose and healing intervals demonstrating significantly enhanced periodontal regeneration/alveolar augmentation including cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with limited, if any, adverse effects. Conclusion: Growth/differentiation factor‐5 supports periodontal regeneration/alveolar augmentation without aberrant healing events documented in qualified pre‐clinical models and clinical pilot studies. In perspective, GDF ‐5 appears a promising technology for periodontal regeneration/alveolar augmentation.