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Salivary biomarkers of bacterial burden, inflammatory response, and tissue destruction in periodontitis
Author(s) -
Salminen Aino,
Gursoy Ulvi K.,
Paju Susanna,
Hyvärinen Kati,
Mäntylä Päivi,
Buhlin Kåre,
Könönen Eija,
Nieminen Markku S.,
Sorsa Timo,
Sinisalo Juha,
Pussinen Pirkko J.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12234
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontitis , porphyromonas gingivalis , saliva , chronic periodontitis , dental alveolus , bleeding on probing , gastroenterology , clinical attachment loss , dentistry , pathology
Aim Chronic periodontitis has an episodic and multifactorial character, with fluctuations in bacterial burden, inflammatory response, and tissue destruction. We investigated the association of selected salivary biomarkers with periodontal parameters and validated the use of a novel salivary diagnostic approach, the cumulative risk score ( CRS ), in detection of periodontitis in subjects with angiographically verified coronary artery disease diagnosis. Materials and Methods The concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP )‐8, interleukin ( IL )‐1 β , and Porphyromonas gingivalis were analysed from saliva of 493 subjects. The subjects participated in a detailed clinical and radiographic oral examination. The CRS index, combining the three salivary biomarkers, was calculated for each subject. Results High salivary concentrations of MMP ‐8, IL ‐1 β , and P. gingivalis were associated with deepened periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss, and MMP ‐8 and IL ‐1 β with bleeding on probing. The CRS index had a stronger association with moderate to severe periodontitis ( OR 6.13; 95% CI 3.11–12.09) than any of the markers alone. Conclusions Salivary concentrations of MMP ‐8, IL ‐1 β , and P. gingivalis are associated with various clinical and radiographic measures of periodontitis. The CRS index, combining the three salivary biomarkers, is associated with periodontitis more strongly than any of the markers alone regardless of the coronary artery disease status of the patients.