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Clopidogrel enhances periodontal repair in rats through decreased inflammation
Author(s) -
Coimbra Leila S.,
Steffens Joao Paulo,
Rossa Carlos,
Graves Dana T.,
Spolidorio Luis C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12203
Subject(s) - clopidogrel , inflammation , medicine , periodontitis , dentistry , periodontal disease , cardiology , aspirin
Aim We hypothesized that platelet inactivation induced by drugs might interfere with periodontal repair in experimental periodontitis by suppressing the release of biological mediators from platelets at the site of injury. Material and Methods Sixty rats were randomly assigned to six groups ( n = 10) and ligatures were placed around lower first molars of three groups. The other three groups were used as negative controls. Ligatures were removed after 10 days of periodontitis induction and all groups were submitted to treatment with aspirin (Asp) (30 mg/kg), clopidogrel (Clop) (75 mg/kg) or NaCl 0.9% intra‐gastrically once daily for 3 days. Periodontal tissue was assessed by the measurement of CXCL 12, CXCL 4, CCL 5 and platelet‐derived growth factor ( PDGF ) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; histomorphometrical analysis of polymorphonuclear ( PMN ) infiltration, attachment loss, bone loss and osteoclast numbers and quantification of blood vessels by imunnohistochemistry. Results During periodontal repair and treatment with NaCl 0.9%, CCL 5 was decreased and CXCL 12 increased when compared with negative control groups. Asp and Clop did not affect CCL 5 expression, decreased CXCL 12 but only Clop decreased CXCL 4 and PDGF content compared with saline‐treated animals. Clop increased blood vessel number, reduced PMN count and decreased attachment and bone loss, also decreased osteoclast number in animals submitted or not to periodontal repair. Conclusion Systemic administration of Clop for 3 days improved the repair process associated with experimental periodontal disease, suggesting that it may have therapeutic value under situations where tissues undergo a transition from inflammation to repair.