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Salivary IL ‐1β and PGE 2 as biomarkers of periodontal status, before and after periodontal treatment
Author(s) -
Sánchez Gabriel A.,
Miozza Valeria A.,
Delgado Alejandra,
Busch Lucila
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12164
Subject(s) - periodontitis , saliva , medicine , prostaglandin e2 , aggressive periodontitis , chronic periodontitis , interleukin , dentistry , gastroenterology , cytokine
Aim Interleukin‐1β ( IL ‐1β) and prostaglandin E 2 ( PGE 2 ) are key inflammatory mediators involved in periodontitis. The purpose was to compare their salivary concentrations in relation to periodontal status and their changes after periodontal treatment, to determine their use as non‐invasive diagnostic tools. Materials and Methods In this study, 74 subjects grouped in periodontally healthy, mild, moderate and severe periodontitis, according to clinical attachment level ( CAL ) and probing pocket depth ( PPD ) served as participants. IL ‐1β and PGE 2 were determined in unstimulated whole saliva by enzyme‐linked‐immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Interleukin ‐1β increased with the severity of periodontitis with a large effect size in prediction of CAL ( η 2 = 0.35, p = 0.0001). PGE 2 showed an increment in mild periodontitis and another in moderate. A significant effect size was also found between PGE 2 and PPD ( η 2 = 0.12, p = 0.003). Both mediators decreased after periodontal treatment. With a selected threshold of 212 pg/ml, salivary IL 1‐β predicted periodontitis with 78% sensitivity and 100% specificity. With a selected threshold of 121 pg/ml, salivary PGE 2 predicted periodontitis with 78% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Conclusion The high sensitivity and specificity of salivary IL ‐1β and PGE 2 in identifying periodontitis suggest a potential use as biomarkers for diagnosis of periodontitis presence and severity.