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Gingival labial recessions in orthodontically treated and untreated individuals: a case – control study
Author(s) -
Renkema Anne Marie,
Fudalej Piotr S.,
Renkema Alianne A. P.,
Abbas Frank,
Bronkhorst Ewald,
Katsaros Christos
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.12105
Subject(s) - medicine , dentistry , gingival recession , recession , odds ratio , orthodontics , keynesian economics , economics
Objectives To evaluate the long‐term development of labial gingival recessions during orthodontic treatment and retention phase. Material and Methods In this retrospective case–control study, the presence of gingival recession was scored (Yes or No) on plaster models of 100 orthodontic patients (cases) and 120 controls at the age of 12 (T 12 ), 15 (T 15 ), 18 (T 18 ), and 21 (T 21 ) years. In the treated group, T 12 reflected the start of orthodontic treatment and T 15 – the end of active treatment and the start of retention phase with bonded retainers. Independent t ‐tests, Fisher's exact tests and a fitted two‐part “hurdle” model were used to identify the effect of orthodontic treatment/retention on recessions. Results The proportion of subjects with recessions was consistently higher in cases than controls. Overall, the odds ratio for orthodontic patients as compared with controls to have recessions is 4.48 ( p < 0.001; 95% CI : 2.61–7.70). Conclusions Within the limits of the present research design, orthodontic treatment and/or the retention phase may be risk factors for the development of labial gingival recessions. In orthodontically treated subjects, mandibular incisors seem to be the most vulnerable to the development of gingival recessions.