Open AccessExtracellular Vesicles in chondrogenesis and Cartilage regeneration
Author(s) -
Song Hong,
Zhao Jiasong,
Cheng Jun,
Feng Zhijie,
Wang Jianhua,
MomtaziBorojeni Amir Abbas,
Liang Yimin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.16290
Subject(s) - chondrogenesis , microbiology and biotechnology , microvesicles , regeneration (biology) , mesenchymal stem cell , cartilage , chondrocyte , chemistry , stem cell , osteoarthritis , biology , anatomy , biochemistry , pathology , medicine , microrna , alternative medicine , gene
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly exosomes and microvesicles, are bilayer lipids containing biologically active information, including nucleic acids and proteins. They are involved in cell communication and signalling, mediating many biological functions including cell growth, migration and proliferation. Recently, EVs have received great attention in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Many in vivo and in vitro studies have attempted to evaluate the chondrogenesis potential of these microstructures and their roles in cartilage regeneration. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or chondrocytes have been found to induce chondrocyte proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro. Preclinical studies have shown that exosomes derived from MSCs have promising results in cartilage repair and in cell‐free therapy of osteoarthritis. This review will focus on the in vitro and in vivo chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration of EVs as well as their potential in the treatment of osteoarthritis.