Open AccessNovel functions for 2‐phenylbenzimidazole‐5‐sulphonic acid: Inhibition of ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis
Author(s) -
Kim Min Su,
Kim Jae Hyeon,
Ahn EunKyung,
Cho YoungRak,
Han Surim,
Lee ChoongHyun,
Bae GyuUn,
Oh Joa Sub,
Kim KyuBong,
Seo DongWan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.14989
Subject(s) - angiogenesis , cancer research , protein kinase a , vascular endothelial growth factor , p38 mitogen activated protein kinases , chemistry , kinase , cyclin dependent kinase 2 , mapk/erk pathway , ovarian cancer , cell growth , cyclin dependent kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , cancer cell , cell cycle , cancer , biology , cell , biochemistry , medicine , vegf receptors
In this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of 2‐phenylbenzimidazole‐5‐sulphonic acid (PBSA), an ultraviolet B protecting agent used in sunscreen lotions and moisturizers, on ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis. PBSA treatment markedly blocked mitogen‐induced invasion through down‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity in ovarian cancer SKOV‐3 cells. In addition, PBSA inhibited mitogen‐induced cell proliferation by suppression of cyclin‐dependent kinases (Cdks), but not cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G 1 phase cell cycle arrest. These anti‐cancer activities of PBSA in ovarian cancer cell invasion and proliferation were mediated by the inhibition of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 3/6‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MKK3/6‐p38 MAPK ) activity and subsequent down‐regulation of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, Cdk4, Cdk2 and integrin β1, as evidenced by treatment with p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Furthermore, PBSA suppressed the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in SKOV‐3 cells, leading to inhibition of capillary‐like tubular structures in vitro and angiogenic sprouting ex vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate the pharmacological effects and molecular targets of PBSA on modulating ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis, and suggest further evaluation and development of PBSA as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer.