Open AccessLOXL 2 promotes vasculogenic mimicry and tumour aggressiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma
Author(s) -
Shao Bing,
Zhao Xiulan,
Liu Tieju,
Zhang Yanhui,
Sun Ran,
Dong Xueyi,
Liu Fang,
Zhao Nan,
Zhang Danfang,
Wu Lili,
Wang Yong,
Wang Meili,
Meng Jie,
Lin Xian,
Sun Baocun
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.14039
Subject(s) - vasculogenic mimicry , biology , hepatocellular carcinoma , metastasis , immunohistochemistry , pathology , lysyl oxidase , cancer research , cancer , immunology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , extracellular matrix
Lysyl oxidase‐like 2 ( LOXL 2) has shown to promote metastasis and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ). Also, we have previously reported that vasculogenic mimicry ( VM ) is associated with invasion, metastasis and poor survival in HCC patients. In the present study, we investigated molecular function of LOXL 2 in HCC and VM . We used the immunohistochemical and CD 31/periodic acid‐Schiff double staining to detect the relationship between LOXL 2 and VM formation. We performed the gain and loss of function studies and analysed the migratory, invasion and tube formation in HCC cell lines. We analysed the function of LOXL 2 in VM formation and HCC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We have showed that LOXL 2 was overexpression in HCC and was positively correlated with tumour grade, metastasis, VM formation and poor survival in 201 HCC patients. Secondly, our studies have showed that LOXL 2 overexpression in HCC cells significantly promoted migration, invasion and tube formation. Finally, we found that LOXL 2 may increase SNAIL expression, thereby enabling VM . Our study indicated that LOXL 2 may promote VM formation and tumour metastasis by collaborating with SNAIL in HCC . What's more, the overexpression of LOXL 2 indicated a poor prognosis in HCC patients.