Open AccessThe role of monocytosis and neutrophilia in atherosclerosis
Author(s) -
Chistiakov Dimitry A.,
Grechko Andrey V.,
Myasoedova Veronika A.,
Melnichenko Alexandra A.,
Orekhov Alexander N.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.13462
Subject(s) - monocytosis , neutrophilia , myelopoiesis , haematopoiesis , inflammation , progenitor cell , bone marrow , immunology , immune system , biology , myeloid , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , medicine , cancer research
Monocytosis and neutrophilia are frequent events in atherosclerosis. These phenomena arise from the increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells (HSPCs) and HSPC mobilization from the bone marrow to other immune organs and circulation. High cholesterol and inflammatory signals promote HSPC proliferation and preferential differentiation to the myeloid precursors ( i.e ., myelopoiesis) that than give rise to pro‐inflammatory immune cells. These cells accumulate in the plaques thereby enhancing vascular inflammation and contributing to further lesion progression. Studies in animal models of atherosclerosis showed that manipulation with HSPC proliferation and differentiation through the activation of LXR‐dependent mechanisms and restoration of cholesterol efflux may have a significant therapeutic potential.