Open AccessDecreased hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and impaired cognitive function by hypoglossal nerve transection in rats
Author(s) -
Kim Doyun,
Chung Sena,
Lee SeungHyun,
Choi SeYoung,
Kim SoungMin,
Koo JaeHyung,
Lee JongHo,
Jahng Jeong Won
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.13284
Subject(s) - doublecortin , hippocampus , hypoglossal nucleus , dentate gyrus , hippocampal formation , morris water navigation task , neurotrophic factors , neuroscience , long term potentiation , brain derived neurotrophic factor , psychology , endocrinology , medicine , neurogenesis , central nervous system , receptor
The hypoglossal nerve controls tongue movements, and damages of it result in difficulty in mastication and food intake. Mastication has been reported to maintain hippocampus‐dependent cognitive function. This study was conducted to examine the effect of tongue motor loss on the hippocampus‐dependent cognitive function and its underlying mechanism. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to the initial training of Morris water maze task before or after the bilateral transection of hypoglossal nerves (Hx). When the initial training was given before the surgery, the target quadrant dwelling time during the probe test performed at a week after the surgery was significantly reduced in Hx rats relative to sham‐operated controls. When the initial training was given after the surgery, Hx affected the initial and reversal trainings and probe tests. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) expression, cell numbers and long‐term potentiation ( LTP ) were examined in the hippocampus on the 10 th day, and BrdU and doublecortin staining on the 14 th day, after the surgery. Hx decreased the hippocampal BDNF and cells in the CA 1/ CA 3 regions and impaired LTP . BrdU and doublecortin staining was decreased in the dentate gyrus of Hx rats. Results suggest that tongue motor loss impairs hippocampus‐dependent cognitive function, and decreased BDNF expression in the hippocampus may be implicated in its underlying molecular mechanism in relation with decreased neurogenesis/proliferation and impaired LTP .