Open AccessA comparative assessment of adipose‐derived stem cells from subcutaneous and visceral fat as a potential cell source for knee osteoarthritis treatment
Author(s) -
Tang Yan,
Pan Zhangyi,
Zou Ying,
He Yi,
Yang Pengyuan,
Tang Qiqun,
Yin Feng
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.13138
Subject(s) - adipose tissue , osteoarthritis , adipogenesis , chondrogenesis , stem cell , adipocyte , cartilage , cell therapy , medicine , pathology , chemistry , andrology , biology , anatomy , microbiology and biotechnology , alternative medicine
The intra‐articular injection of adipose‐derived stem cells ( ASC s) is a novel potential therapy for patients with osteoarthritis ( OA ). However, the efficacy of ASC s from different regions of the body remains unknown. This study investigated whether ASC s from subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue provide the same improvement of OA . Mouse and human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were excised for ASC isolation. Morphology, proliferation, surface markers and adipocyte differentiation of subcutaneous ASC s (S‐ ASC s) and visceral ASC s (V‐ ASC s) were analysed. A surgically induced rat model of OA was established, and 4 weeks after the operation, S‐ ASC s, V‐ ASC s or phosphate‐buffered saline ( PBS , control) were injected into the articular cavity. Histology, immunohistochemistry and gene expression analyses were performed 6 weeks after ASC injection. The ability of ASC s to differentiate into chondrocytes was assessed by in vitro chondrogenesis, and the immunosuppressive activity of ASC s was evaluated by co‐culturing with macrophages. The proliferation of V‐ ASC s was significantly greater than that of S‐ ASC s, but S‐ ASC s had the greater adipogenic capacity than V‐ ASC s. In addition, the infracted cartilage treated with S‐ ASC s showed significantly greater improvement than cartilage treated with PBS or V‐ ASC s. Moreover, S‐ ASC s showed better chondrogenic potential and immunosuppression in vitro . Subcutaneous adipose tissue is an effective cell source for cell therapy of OA as it promotes stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes and inhibits immunological reactions.