Open AccessProstaglandin D 2 effects and DP 1 / DP 2 receptor distribution in guinea pig urinary bladder out‐flow region
Author(s) -
Guan .,
Svennersten Karl,
Verdier Petra J.,
Wiklund N. Peter,
Gustafsson Lars E.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.12959
Subject(s) - trigone of urinary bladder , urothelium , urethra , urinary bladder , overactive bladder , receptor , endocrinology , guinea pig , medicine , urinary system , biology , anatomy , urology , chemistry , pathology , alternative medicine
The proximal urethra and urinary bladder trigone play important roles in continence. We have previously shown that PGD 2 is released from guinea pig bladder urothelium/suburothelium and can inhibit detrusor contractile responses. We presently wished to investigate PGD 2 actions in guinea pig out‐flow region and the distribution of DP 1 / DP 2 receptors. The effects of PGD 2 on urothelium‐intact trigone and proximal urethra contractility were studied in organ bath experiments. Expression of DP 1 / DP 2 receptor proteins was analysed by western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify distribution of DP 1 / DP 2 receptors. PGD 2 in a dose‐dependent manner inhibited trigone contractions induced by electrical field stimulation ( EFS ) and inhibited spontaneous contractions of the proximal urethra. PGD 2 was equally (trigone) or slightly less potent (urethra) compared with PGE 2 . Expression of DP 1 and DP 2 receptors was found in male guinea pig bladder trigone, neck and proximal urethra. In the trigone and proximal urethra, DP 1 receptors were found on the membrane of smooth muscle cells and weak immunoreactivty was observed in the urothelium. DP 2 receptors were distributed more widespread, weakly and evenly in the urothelium and smooth muscles. Inhibitory effects by PGD 2 on motor activity of guinea pig trigone and proximal urethra are consistent with finding DP 1 and DP 2 receptors located in the urothelium and smooth muscle cells of the trigone and proximal urethra, and PGD 2 may therefore be a modulator of the bladder out‐flow region, possibly having a function in regulation of micturition and a role in overactive bladder syndrome.