Open AccessFunctional differences in mesenchymal stromal cells from human dental pulp and periodontal ligament
Author(s) -
Vasandan Anoop Babu,
Shankar Shilpa Rani,
Prasad Priya,
Sowmya Jahnavi Vulugundam,
Bhonde Ramesh Ramachandra,
Jyothi Prasanna Susarla
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/jcmm.12192
Subject(s) - periodontal fiber , mesenchymal stem cell , dentistry , stromal cell , pulp (tooth) , medicine , biology , pathology
Clinically reported reparative benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells ( MSC s) are majorly attributed to strong immune‐modulatory abilities not exactly shared by fibroblasts. However, MSC s remain heterogeneous populations, with unique tissue‐specific subsets, and lack of clear‐cut assays defining therapeutic stromal subsets adds further ambiguity to the field. In this context, in‐depth evaluation of cellular characteristics of MSC s from proximal oro‐facial tissues: dental pulp ( DPSC s) and periodontal ligament ( PDLSC s) from identical donors provides an opportunity to evaluate exclusive niche‐specific influences on multipotency and immune‐modulation. Exhaustive cell surface profiling of DPSC s and PDLSC s indicated key differences in expression of mesenchymal ( CD 105) and pluripotent/multipotent stem cell–associated cell surface antigens: SSEA 4, CD 117, CD 123 and CD 29. DPSC s and PDLSC s exhibited strong chondrogenic potential, but only DPSC s exhibited adipogenic and osteogenic propensities. PDLSC s expressed immuno‐stimulatory/immune‐adhesive ligands like HLA ‐ DR and CD 50, upon priming with IFN γ, unlike DPSC s, indicating differential response patterns to pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Both DPSC s and PDLSC s were hypo‐immunogenic and did not elicit robust allogeneic responses despite exposure to IFN γ or TNF α. Interestingly, only DPSC s attenuated mitogen‐induced lympho‐proliferative responses and priming with either IFN γ or TNF α enhanced immuno‐modulation capacity. In contrast, primed or unprimed PDLSC s lacked the ability to suppress polyclonal T cell blast responses. This study indicates that stromal cells from even topographically related tissues do not necessarily share identical MSC properties and emphasizes the need for a thorough functional testing of MSC s from diverse sources with respect to multipotency, immune parameters and response to pro‐inflammatory cytokines before translational usage.