Open AccessHypertension and Dementia: A comprehensive review from the HOPE Asia Network
Author(s) -
Turana Yuda,
Tengkawan Jeslyn,
Chia Yook Chin,
Hoshide Satoshi,
Shin Jinho,
Chen ChenHuan,
Buranakitjaroen Peera,
Nailes Jennifer,
Park Sungha,
Siddique Saulat,
Sison Jorge,
Ann Soenarta Arieska,
Chin Tay Jam,
Sogunuru Guru Prasad,
Zhang Yuqing,
Wang JiGuang,
Kario Kazuomi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the journal of clinical hypertension
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.909
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1751-7176
pISSN - 1524-6175
DOI - 10.1111/jch.13558
Subject(s) - dementia , medicine , blood pressure , cognition , cognitive decline , risk factor , stroke (engine) , vascular dementia , incidence (geometry) , cognitive impairment , gerontology , psychiatry , disease , mechanical engineering , physics , optics , engineering
Approximately 365 million people in Asia were classified as elderly in 2017. This number is rising and expected to reach approximately 520 million by 2030. The risk of hypertension and cognitive impairment/dementia increases with age. Recent data also show that the prevalence of hypertension and age‐related dementia are rising in Asian countries. Moreover, not many people in Asian countries are aware of the relationship between hypertension and cognitive impairment/dementia. Furthermore, hypertension control is poorer in Asia than in developed countries. Hypertension is known to be a major risk factor for damage to target organs, including the brain. Decreased cognitive function can indicate the presence of target organ damage in the brain. Twenty‐four‐hour blood pressure profiles and blood pressure variability have been associated with cognitive impairment and/or silent cerebral diseases, such as silent cerebral infarction or white matter lesions, which are predisposing conditions for cognitive impairment and dementia. Hypertension that occurs in midlife also affects the incidence of cognitive impairments in later life. Managing and controlling blood pressure could preserve cognitive functions, such as by reducing the risk of vascular dementia and by reducing the global burden of stroke, which also affects cognitive function.