Open AccessCarotid atherosclerosis and the association between nocturnal blood pressure dipping and cardiovascular events
Author(s) -
Kotruchin Praew,
Hoshide Satoshi,
Kario Kazuomi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the journal of clinical hypertension
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.909
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1751-7176
pISSN - 1524-6175
DOI - 10.1111/jch.13218
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiology , blood pressure , ambulatory blood pressure , population , intima media thickness , hazard ratio , stroke (engine) , diabetes mellitus , morning , confidence interval , carotid arteries , endocrinology , mechanical engineering , environmental health , engineering
The impact of a nondipping blood pressure (BP) pattern, defined as (awake systolic BP – sleep systolic BP)/awake systolic BP < 0.1, on cardiovascular events in populations with different degrees of carotid atherosclerosis is uncertain. The authors hypothesized that a nondipping BP pattern would show differential predictive power for cardiovascular events, including total cardiovascular death, sudden death, nonfatal cardiovascular events, and nonfatal stroke, between populations with and without carotid atherosclerosis. To test this hypothesis, the authors analyzed 493 patients (mean age 67.9 years, 47.5% men) from the J‐HOP (Japan Morning Surge‐Home Blood Pressure) study for whom ambulatory BP monitoring and carotid intima‐media thickness data were available. Twenty‐nine cardiovascular events occurred during follow‐up (1867 person‐years). A nondipping BP pattern was independently associated with cardiovascular events in the population without carotid atherosclerosis, defined as carotid intima‐media thickness < 1.1 mm after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors including age, sex, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and 24‐hour systolic BP (hazard ratio, 8.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.76–37.78 [ P < .01]). This association was not found in the population with carotid intima‐media thickness ≥ 1.1 mm. Therefore, in the hypertensive population without carotid atherosclerosis, physicians should consider ambulatory BP monitoring to determine the nocturnal BP pattern as an alternative approach to assessing cardiovascular events.