Open AccessAssociations of urinary sodium and sodium to potassium ratio with hypertension prevalence and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with prehypertension
Author(s) -
Zhao Xin,
Zhang Yan,
Zhang Xiaolin,
Kang Yi,
Tian Xiaoxiang,
Wang Xiaozeng,
Peng Junyin,
Zhu Zhiming,
Han Yaling
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the journal of clinical hypertension
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.909
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1751-7176
pISSN - 1524-6175
DOI - 10.1111/jch.13104
Subject(s) - medicine , prehypertension , hazard ratio , confidence interval , sodium , potassium , urinary system , gastroenterology , endocrinology , blood pressure , chemistry , organic chemistry
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of urinary sodium and sodium to potassium ratio on inflammatory cytokines, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in patients with prehypertension. The authors observed 627 patients with prehypertension in the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region. Rank correlation analysis revealed that interleukin 6 expression exhibited significant positive correlations with urinary sodium ( R = .13) and sodium to potassium ratio ( R = .13). The multivariate‐adjusted hazard ratio of 24‐hour urinary sodium was 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 1.00 – 1.01) for hypertension and 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 1.00 – 1.02) for cardiovascular disease, whereas the hazard ratio for 24‐hour urinary sodium to potassium ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.08 – 1.19) for hypertension and 1.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 – 1.17) for cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that a high‐salt diet may lead to increased interleukin 6 levels and may contribute to hypertension. In addition, a high sodium to potassium ratio and high sodium levels are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in patients with prehypertension.