Open AccessEstimating 24‐Hour Urine Sodium From Multiple Spot Urine Samples
Author(s) -
Rhee MooYong,
Kim JiHyun,
Shin SungJoon,
Gu Namyi,
Nah DeukYoung,
Park JuHyun,
Kim SunWoong,
Kim Hyun Ja.,
Oh Kyung Won.,
Kim JiHyeon,
Lee SimYeol
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the journal of clinical hypertension
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.909
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1751-7176
pISSN - 1524-6175
DOI - 10.1111/jch.12922
Subject(s) - medicine , urine , sodium , urine sodium , urology , chromatography , chemistry , organic chemistry
The authors developed an equation to estimate 24‐hour urine sodium (24 HUN a) using the average of three spot urine ( SU ) samples (morning‐first, morning, and evening) from 74 individuals and validated this equation using the average of three SU samples (morning‐first, daytime, and evening) from 174 additional individuals. Compared with previously published equations using a single SU sample, the currently developed equation using the average of three SU samples showed much lower bias from measured 24 HUN a (−2.9 vs >10 mmol/24 h). The intraclass and concordance correlation coefficients of the proposed equation using the average of three SU samples were 0.909 and 0.832, respectively. The limits of agreement were −64.1–58.3 mmol/24 h and approximately 100 mmol/24 h for the currently developed and previously published equations, respectively. All equations showed a tendency to overestimate or underestimate 24 HUN a in a manner dependent on the level of 24 HUN a but irrespective of the number of SU samples considered. Nonetheless, among the currently tested equations, our equation using the average of three SU samples provided the best estimation of 24 HUN a at a population level.