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Diagnostic Masking and Overshadowing in Intellectual Disability—How Structured Evaluation Helps
Author(s) -
Manohar Harshini,
Subramanian Karthick,
Kandasamy Preeti,
Penchilaiya Venkatalakshmi,
Arun Anandbabu
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.331
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1744-6171
pISSN - 1073-6077
DOI - 10.1111/jcap.12160
Subject(s) - masking (illustration) , intellectual disability , psychology , cognitive psychology , psychiatry , art , visual arts
PROBLEM Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses tend to be underdiagnosed in patients with intellectual disability. Diagnosing anxiety disorders in such patients can pose challenges, in particular with regard to obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS We present the case of an adolescent diagnosed with intellectual disability with poor expressive language skills who presented with nonspecific mood and behavioral symptoms, not improving with routine clinical evaluations and treatment. A structured assessment was done to decipher the psychopathology. FINDINGS The structured evaluation was able to diagnose OCD, and the treatment response was accentuated, bringing about a significant reduction in patient and caregiver distress. Psychosocial interventions through nurses played a significant role. CONCLUSIONS The case highlights the need for a systematic assessment of patients with intellectual disability to arrive at reliable diagnoses and to plan appropriate treatment strategies.