Patterns and drivers of soil microbial communities in Tibetan alpine and global terrestrial ecosystems

Aim Soil microorganisms play key roles in regulating many important ecosystem processes. However, our understanding of the patterns and drivers of soil microbial communities remains limited. This study aims to test the hypothesis that edaphic factors are more important in explaining variations in soil microbial communities than climatic and biotic factors, as soils directly provide substrates and environment for soil microbial communities. Location Tibetan alpine grasslands and global terrestrial biomes. Methods On the basis of phospholipid fatty acid ( PLFA ) analysis, we investigated large‐scale patterns and drivers of soil microbial communities using data obtained from 196 sites within two major grassland types (alpine steppe and alpine meadow) on the Tibetan Plateau. We also explored global patterns of soil microbial communities by analysing published data from around the world. Results Soil microbial PLFA s in Tibetan alpine grasslands were positively associated with mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation ( MAP ), contradicting patterns previously observed across global biomes. A combined stepwise regression and variation partitioning analysis revealed that soil microbial community variations in Tibetan alpine grasslands were mainly explained by edaphic factors, such as soil organic carbon, C : N ratio, pH and soil texture, then by biotic factors, such as aboveground biomass and plant species richness, and further by climatic factors, such as MAP . The global analysis confirmed that edaphic factors accounted for a greater portion of the variation in soil microbial communities than did climatic and biotic variables. Main conclusions These results provide strong support for the hypothesis that edaphic factors are the dominant drivers of spatial variations in soil microbial communities across regional and global scales.