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The influence of geological movements on the population differentiation of Biston panterinaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Author(s) -
Cheng Rui,
Jiang Nan,
Yang Xiushuai,
Xue Dayong,
Liu Shuxian,
Han Hongxiang
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of biogeography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1365-2699
pISSN - 0305-0270
DOI - 10.1111/jbi.12676
Subject(s) - lineage (genetic) , ecology , phylogeography , phylogenetic tree , last glacial maximum , biogeography , population , east asia , geography , biology , ecological niche , coalescent theory , environmental niche modelling , biodiversity , evolutionary biology , glacial period , china , paleontology , habitat , demography , archaeology , biochemistry , sociology , gene
Aim East Asia is known for its exceptionally high levels of biodiversity, which is connected to its high level of species differentiation. Geological movements are the most important factor promoting the species differentiation in East Asia. In this paper, we choose Biston panterinaria , a moth species widely distributed in East Asia, to study the relative contributions of geographical isolation and glaciation cycles to its current genetic constitution. Location East Asia. Methods Phylogenetic analyses were based on three data sets. beast was used to estimate the divergence time and reconstruct the maximum clade credibility tree. Mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plots ( BSP ) were used to infer historical population fluctuations. maxent was used to predict the potential species distributions during two periods: the present day and the Last Glacial Maximum ( LGM ). Results The phylogenetic tree and the median joining network strongly supported four reciprocally monophyletic lineages: northern, Yunnan‐Tibet, southern and Yunnan‐ SE . The estimates of divergence time suggested that three differentiation processes occurred at approximately 1.17, 0.76 and 0.67 Ma. Within the northern and southern lineages, lineage divergence occurred at approximately 0.17 and 0.16 Ma. Mismatch distribution and BSP suggested that the northern and southern lineages experienced one expansion after the LGM , and this result was consistent with the result of the ecological niche model. Main conclusions Our results suggested that B. panterinaria experienced three fragmentations of wide‐ranging ancestral populations, and that mountain barrier isolation induced by geological movements is the main driver of lineage differentiation. Climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene affected the population differentiation within both the northern and southern lineages. The distribution of the four lineages of B. panterinaria is generally consistent with the zoogeographical regionalization of China. This study provides direct evidence for the importance of mountain barriers in promoting population differentiation.