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Yellow tails in the Red Sea: phylogeography of the Indo‐Pacific goatfish Mulloidichthys flavolineatus reveals isolation in peripheral provinces and cryptic evolutionary lineages
Author(s) -
FernandezSilva Iria,
Randall John E.,
Coleman Richard R.,
DiBattista Joseph D.,
Rocha Luiz A.,
Reimer James D.,
Meyer Carl G.,
Bowen Brian W.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of biogeography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1365-2699
pISSN - 0305-0270
DOI - 10.1111/jbi.12598
Subject(s) - phylogeography , biology , population , genetic structure , vicariance , biological dispersal , isolation by distance , ecology , indo pacific , zoology , genetic diversity , phylogenetic tree , biochemistry , demography , sociology , gene
Aim Broadly distributed reef fishes tend to have high gene flow mediated by a pelagic larval phase. Here, we survey a reef‐associated fish distributed across half the tropical oceans, from the Red Sea to the central Pacific. Our goal is to determine whether genetic structure of the broadly distributed Yellowstripe Goatfish ( Mulloidichthys flavolineatus ) is defined by biogeographical barriers, or facilitated via larval dispersal. Location Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean Methods Specimens were obtained at 19 locations from the Red Sea to Hawai'i. Genetic data include mt DNA cytochrome b ( n = 217) and 12 microsatellite loci ( n = 185). Analysis of molecular variance ( AMOVA ), structure , a parsimony network and coalescence analyses were used to resolve recent population history and connectivity. Results Population structure was significant (mt DNA ϕ ST = 0.68, P < 0.001; microsatellite F ST = 0.08, P < 0.001), but mostly driven by samples from the North‐western ( NW ) Indian Ocean (including the Red Sea) and Hawai'i. There was little population structure across the Indian Ocean to the central Pacific. Hawai'i was distinguished as an isolated population (mt DNA ϕ ST = 0.03–0.08, P = n.s.; microsatellites F ST = 0.05–0.10, P < 0.001). Specimens from the NW Indian Ocean clustered as a distinct phylogenetic lineage that diverged approximately 493 ka ( d = 1.7%), which indicates that these fish persisted in isolation through several Pleistocene glacial cycles. Main conclusions These data reinforce the emerging themes that: (1) phylogeographical breaks within species often coincide with biogeographical breaks based on species distributions, and (2) populations on the periphery of the range ( NW Indian Ocean and Hawai'i) are isolated and may be evolutionary incubators producing new species.