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Combining palaeodistribution modelling and phylogeographical approaches for identifying glacial refugia in Alpine Primula
Author(s) -
Schorr Gertrud,
Pearman Peter B.,
Guisan Antoine,
Kadereit Joachim W.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of biogeography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1365-2699
pISSN - 0305-0270
DOI - 10.1111/jbi.12132
Subject(s) - last glacial maximum , primula , ecology , glacial period , phylogeography , biology , species distribution , environmental niche modelling , geography , habitat , ecological niche , botany , phylogenetics , paleontology , biochemistry , gene
Abstract Aim We investigated the late Quaternary history of two closely related and partly sympatric species of Primula from the south‐western European Alps, P. marginata Curtis and P. latifolia Lapeyr., by combining phylogeographical and palaeodistribution modelling approaches. In particular, we were interested in whether the two approaches were congruent and identified the same glacial refugia. Location South‐western European Alps. Methods For the phylogeographical analysis we included 352 individuals from 28 populations of P. marginata and 172 individuals from 15 populations of P. latifolia and used amplified fragment length polymorphisms ( AFLP s). For palaeodistribution modelling, species distribution models ( SDM s) were based on extant species occurrences and then projected to climate models ( CCSM , MIROC ) of the Last Glacial Maximum ( LGM ), c . 21 ka. Results The locations of the modelled LGM refugia were supported by various indices of genetic variation. The refugia of the two species were largely geographically isolated, overlapping only 6–11% of the species' total LGM distribution. This overlap decreased when the position of the glacial ice sheet and the differential elevational and edaphic distributions of the two species were considered. Main conclusions The combination of phylogeography and palaeodistribution modelling proved useful in locating putative glacial refugia of the two alpine species of Primula . The phylogeographical data allowed us to identify those parts of the modelled LGM refugial area that were likely source areas for recolonization. The use of SDM s predicted LGM refugial areas substantially larger and geographically more divergent than could have been predicted by phylogeographical data alone.