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与老年人主观认知能力下降与认知功能相关的因素
Author(s) -
Lee JuHee,
Sung Jooyoun,
Choi MoonKi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of advanced nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.948
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1365-2648
pISSN - 0309-2402
DOI - 10.1111/jan.14261
Subject(s) - cognition , cognitive decline , gerontology , depression (economics) , psychology , effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance , activities of daily living , clinical psychology , medicine , dementia , psychiatry , disease , economics , macroeconomics , pathology
Aims To explore the risk factors for subjective cognitive decline and cognitive function among older adults in South Korea. Design This study employed a descriptive cross‐sectional design. Methods A convenience sample of 182 patients was recruited from a senior welfare center in Seoul. The mean age of the participants was 78.4 years (SD 5.91). Among them, 64.3% were women. The data were collected by a trained research assistant using structured questionnaires from September 2016–February 2017. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, depression, physical and cognitive activity levels, instrumental activities of daily living, subjective cognitive decline, and cognitive function were assessed. Student's t tests, chi‐square tests, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used for statistical analyses. Results The findings revealed that 37.4% of the participants were not cognitively intact. Depression, perceived health status, and cognitive function were significantly associated with subjective cognitive decline ( F = 7.10, p < .001, adjusted R 2 = 25.3). Age, educational level, perceived health status, and subjective cognitive decline were significantly related to cognitive function ( F = 20.98, p < .001, adjusted R 2 = 47.0). After controlling for these variables, cognitive activity was significantly and independently related to cognitive function. Conclusion The results suggest that for the maintenance of cognitive function, cognitive activity should be encouraged. In addition, older adults who complain of subjective cognitive decline and have risk factors such as depression need therapeutic interventions to prevent actual decrease of cognitive function. Impact The present findings advance prior knowledge by considering variables such as physical and cognitive activity levels to provide novel evidence that can be used to develop interventions for community‐dwelling older adults. Thus, to be effective, nursing interventions must seek to improve cognitive function through intellectual stimulation.