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Distribution of comammox and canonical ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria in tidal flat sediments of the Yangtze River estuary at different depths over four seasons
Author(s) -
Jiang Q.,
Xia F.,
Zhu T.,
Wang D.,
Quan Z.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.889
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1365-2672
pISSN - 1364-5072
DOI - 10.1111/jam.14337
Subject(s) - estuary , tidal flat , canonical correspondence analysis , yangtze river , biology , polychaete , environmental science , environmental chemistry , oceanography , ecology , geology , sediment , chemistry , abundance (ecology) , paleontology , china , political science , law
Aims To investigate the distribution of complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) and canonical ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in tidal flat sediments of the Yangtze River estuary at different depths over four seasons. Methods and Results A two‐step PCR with highly degenerate primers (THDP‐PCR), coupled with Illumina Miseq‐based sequencing, was used to analyse the distribution of comammox and AOB in tidal flat sediments. The proportion of comammox compared with that of AOB was relatively high in spring. The intermediate sediments (1–5 cm) had higher proportions of comammox than those on the surface (0–1 cm) and lower sediments (5–10 cm). Diversity indices confirmed a higher diversity of comammox in the lower sediments (5–10 cm). The proportion of comammox clade A.1 was much higher than that of comammox clade A.2 in all seasons. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that comammox clade A.1 was negatively correlated with total carbon and ammonium concentrations, whereas the opposite was observed in AOB. Conclusions Results revealed the specific distribution of comammox and AOB in tidal flat sediments of the Yangtze River estuary. Significance and Impact of the Study This study will contribute to the understanding of nitrification by comammox and AOB in tidal flat sediments.