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Development of Escherichia coli ‐based gene expression profiling of sewage sludge leachates
Author(s) -
Goswami M.,
Khan F. A.,
Ibrisevic A.,
Olsson P.E.,
Jass J.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.889
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1365-2672
pISSN - 1364-5072
DOI - 10.1111/jam.14028
Subject(s) - tetracycline , microbiology and biotechnology , ciprofloxacin , sewage , escherichia coli , sewage sludge , antibiotic resistance , pathogenic escherichia coli , virulence , biology , antibiotics , gene , environmental engineering , environmental science , genetics
Aims The impact of municipal waste on pathogenic micro‐organisms released into the environment is a public health concern. This study aims to evaluate the effects of sewage sludge and antibiotic contaminants on stress response, virulence and antibiotic resistance in a pathogenic Escherichia coli . Methods and Results The effects of sewage sludge leachates on uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 were determined by monitoring the expression of 45 genes associated with antibiotic/metal resistance, stress response and virulence using RT‐qPCR. The E. coli gene expression was validated using subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. E. coli exposed to sewage sludge or sewage sludge+fly ash leachates altered the expression of five antibiotic and metal resistance, three stress response and two virulence‐associated genes. When antibiotics were combined with sludge or sludge+fly ash the antibiotic‐associated gene expression was altered. Conclusions E. coli treated with two sludge leachates had distinct gene expression patterns that were altered when the sludge leachates were combined with tetracycline, although to a lesser extent with ciprofloxacin. Significance and Impact of the Study The E. coli multigene expression analysis is a potential new tool for assessing the effects of pollutants on pathogenic microbes in environmental waters for improved risk assessment.