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Influence of calcium chloride in the high temperature acetification by strain A cetobacter aceti WK for vinegar
Author(s) -
Krusong W.,
Kerdpiboon S.,
Jindaprasert A.,
Yaiyen S.,
Pornpukdeewatana S.,
Tantratian S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.889
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1365-2672
pISSN - 1364-5072
DOI - 10.1111/jam.12930
Subject(s) - acetic acid , calcium , chemistry , bacteria , fatty acid , palmitic acid , strain (injury) , enzyme , ethanol , dehydrogenase , biochemistry , acetic acid bacteria , alcohol dehydrogenase , glycerol , nuclear chemistry , biology , organic chemistry , genetics , anatomy
Aims To improve the thermotolerant properties (TTP) of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) cells for high temperature acetification. Methods and Results At high temperature (36 ± 1°C), the acetification rate (ETA) is usually lower than at 30 ± 1°C. The addition of 0·15% calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) may decrease the negative effect of the increase of temperature from 30 ± 1°C to 36 ± 1°C on the ETA. The effect of CaCl 2 on the thermotolerant properties of acetic acid bacteria cells was investigated. The CaCl 2 increased the content of phospholipids (phosphotidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol), fatty acids ( cis ‐vaccenic acid, palmitic acid and myristic acid) and the activities of membrane‐bound enzymes involved in acetification, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Transmission electron microscope images revealed a more compact cell wall with CaCl 2 . Process consistency at 36 ± 1°C was tested in nine sequential acetification cycles using 0·15% (w/v) CaCl 2 . High ETAs (9·33 ± 0·6; 8·67 ± 0·8 and 9·67 ± 0·7 g l −1 day −1 ) were obtained during the last three cycles. Conclusions The results confirm that changes of the content of lipid, activities of membrane‐bound enzymes and cell‐wall thickness occurred with added CaCl 2 . Significance and Impact of the Study High temperature acetification (HTA) with additions of CaCl 2 was investigated. Significant reductions in the overall production costs result from lower cooling costs associated with HTA.