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Identification of anti‐biofilm components in W ithania somnifera and their effect on virulence of S treptococcus mutans biofilms
Author(s) -
Pandit S.,
Cai J.N.,
Song K.Y.,
Jeon J.G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.889
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1365-2672
pISSN - 1364-5072
DOI - 10.1111/jam.12851
Subject(s) - biofilm , streptococcus mutans , withania somnifera , oleic acid , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , virulence , linoleic acid , polysaccharide , bacteria , biology , biochemistry , food science , fatty acid , medicine , genetics , alternative medicine , pathology , gene
Aims The aim of this study was to identify components of the W ithania somnifera that could show anti‐virulence activity against S treptococcus mutans biofilms. Methods and Results The anti‐acidogenic activity of fractions separated from W . somnifera was compared, and then the most active anti‐acidogenic fraction was chemically characterized using gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy. The effect of the identified components on the acidogenicity, aciduricity and extracellular polymeric substances ( EPS ) formation of S. mutans UA 159 biofilms was evaluated. The change in accumulation and acidogenicity of S. mutans UA 159 biofilms by periodic treatments (10 min per treatment) with the identified components was also investigated. Of the fractions, n ‐hexane fraction showed the strongest anti‐acidogenic activity and was mainly composed of palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids. Of the identified components, linoleic and oleic acids strongly affected the acid production rate, F‐ ATP ase activity and EPS formation of the biofilms. Periodic treatment with linoleic and oleic acids during biofilm formation also inhibited the biofilm accumulation and acid production rate of the biofilms without killing the biofilm bacteria. Conclusions These results suggest that linoleic and oleic acids may be effective agents for restraining virulence of S. mutans biofilms. Significance and Impact of the Study Linoleic and oleic acids may be promising agents for controlling virulence of cariogenic biofilms and subsequent dental caries formation.