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Survival and persistence of B acillus clausii in the human gastrointestinal tract following oral administration as spore‐based probiotic formulation
Author(s) -
Ghelardi E.,
Celandroni F.,
Salvetti S.,
Gueye S.A.,
Lupetti A.,
Senesi S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.889
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1365-2672
pISSN - 1364-5072
DOI - 10.1111/jam.12848
Subject(s) - spore , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , probiotic , feces , gastrointestinal tract , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics
Aims This study aimed to investigate the fate of Bacillus clausii spores orally administered as lyophilized or liquid formulation to healthy volunteers. Methods and Results The study was a randomized, open‐label, cross‐over trial in which two commercial probiotic formulations containing spores of four antibiotic‐resistant B. clausii strains ( OC , NR , SIN , T) were given as a single dose administration. Faecal B. clausii units of each strain were counted on selective media and extrapolated for the total weight of evacuated faeces. RAPD ‐ PCR typing was used to confirm B. clausii identification. Bacillus clausii was found alive in faeces for up to 12 days. In some volunteers, the recovered amount of OC , NR or SIN was higher than the number of administered spores. Bioequivalence among the two formulations was demonstrated. Conclusions Bacillus clausii spores survive transit through the human gastrointestinal tract. They can undergo germination, outgrowth and multiplication as vegetative forms. Bacillus clausii strains can have different ability to survive in the intestinal environment. Bacillus clausii spores administered as liquid suspension or lyophilized form behave similarly in vivo . Significance and impact of the study This work contributes towards a better understanding of the behaviour of B. clausii spores as probiotics.