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Age‐0 striped bass, M orone saxatilis ( W albaum, 1792), response to immunostimulation
Author(s) -
Jeon S. J.,
Fast M. D.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of applied ichthyology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.392
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1439-0426
pISSN - 0175-8659
DOI - 10.1111/jai.12665
Subject(s) - biology , bass (fish) , morone , lipopolysaccharide , morone saxatilis , spleen , immune system , intraperitoneal injection , cytokine , innate immune system , tumor necrosis factor alpha , endocrinology , immunology , fishery
Summary Young‐of‐the‐year (age‐0) striped bass, M orone saxatilis, were studied to characterize their responses to inflammatory stimuli. There were two studies, with the hypotheses that (i) <5 g striped bass would respond to inflammatory insult within 6 h, and (ii) response to antigens would be maintained for >24 h in larger fish. Study I was conducted to understand the cytokine expression pattern ( IL ‐1β, TNF ‐α, N ramp and TGF ‐β) in response to lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) or F reund's complete adjuvant ( FCA ) stimulation in age‐0 striped bass (3.44 ± 1.68 g, 70.6 ± 10.3 mm fork length) up to 24 h post injection (hpi). Study II was similar to S tudy I , but striped bass were sampled over a longer time frame (by 48 hpi) and larger age‐0 striped bass were used (20.6 ± 5.9 g, 129.2 ± 10.9 mm fork length). It was confirmed that immunostimulants such as LPS and FCA induce production of inflammatory cytokines and N ramp, which are important in innate immune response to bacterial infection. The responses were rapidly stimulated with LPS ( IL ‐1β, TNF ‐α, TGF ‐β >3‐fold increase, compared to PBS ) or FCA ( IL ‐1β >3‐fold and TGF ‐β >2‐fold, compared to PBS ) within 6 hpi and maintained in most cases 48 hpi (spleen N ramp and TGF ‐β 2‐fold > PBS , at 24 and 48 h), similar to other teleosts. Intraperitoneal injection with PBS also simulated inflammatory gene expression, but was delayed ( IL ‐1β, TNF ‐α, TGF ‐β and N ramp, FCA and LPS < at 6 h; 24 h > LPS and PBS ) in comparison to LPS and FCA , suggesting that this procedure and possibly the volume used can be stimulatory and potentially harmful in age‐0 fish. Therefore, this study suggests that age‐0 striped bass are capable of strong cytokine induction in response to immunological stimulation within a very short period of time.