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The structure and electrical properties of Ca 0.6 (Li 0.5 Bi 0.5‐ x Pr x ) 0.4 Bi 2 Nb 2 O 9 high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics
Author(s) -
Wang Dan,
Xu Yugen,
Shi Yulin,
Wang Hongliang,
Wu Xiaojun,
Wu Chao,
Zhu Jianguo,
Chen Qiang
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.16700
Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , electrical resistivity and conductivity , rietveld refinement , materials science , octahedron , crystal structure , natural bond orbital , crystallography , analytical chemistry (journal) , x ray crystallography , mineralogy , diffraction , chemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance , density functional theory , physics , computational chemistry , optics , chromatography , electrical engineering , engineering
Ca 0.6 (Li 0.5 Bi 0.5‐ x Pr x ) 0.4 Bi 2 Nb 2 O 9 ceramics were prepared via a solid‐state reaction method. The effect of the Pr content on the structural and electrical properties was systematically investigated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) combined with Rietveld refinement and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that a moderate amount of Pr 3+ can be incorporated into the NbO 6 octahedra, while excess Pr 3+ ions probably enter into the (Bi 2 O 2 ) 2+ layers, thus resulting in an increase in the tetragonality of the crystal structure. The introduction of Pr suppressed the generation of oxygen vacancies and improved the preferential grain growth along the c‐ axis, which might be responsible for enhancing the resistivity ( ρ ~ 10 6 Ω cm at 600°C). The replacement of Pr 3+ for A‐site Bi 3+ enhanced the piezoelectric property, and the piezoelectric constant d 33 increased from 13.8 pC/N to 16.3 pC/N. The high depolarization temperature (up to 900°C) implied that CBN‐LBP100 x ceramics are promising candidates for ultrahigh‐temperature application.