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Direct ink writing of macroporous lead‐free piezoelectric Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3
Author(s) -
Nan Bo,
Olhero Susana,
Pinho Rui,
Vilarinho Paula M.,
Button Tim W.,
Ferreira José M. F.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.16220
Subject(s) - materials science , piezoelectricity , dispersant , aqueous solution , chemical engineering , suspension (topology) , ceramic , zeta potential , rheology , dielectric , colloid , composite material , dispersion (optics) , mineralogy , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , chemistry , organic chemistry , mathematics , optoelectronics , physics , homotopy , pure mathematics , optics , engineering
Direct ink writing (DIW) has become a widespread additive manufacturing technique for material engineering, but its application in lead‐free Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3 piezoelectric ceramics from aqueous systems has not been reported so far to our knowledge. The main obstacle is the high extent of hydrolysis reactions undergone by the starting powders when dispersed in water, hindering the attainment of stable water‐based colloidal suspensions. This paper reports on the preparation of stable aqueous inks from a deagglomerated and surface‐treated powder synthesized by solid‐state reaction and on DIW of macroporous lead‐free piezoelectrics. Based on zeta potential and rheological measurements, the optimal amounts of processing additives (dispersant, binder, and coagulating agent) were selected to transform the initial fluid suspension to a viscoelastic paste with sufficient stiffness and stability for the printing process. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of samples sintered under different temperatures were also investigated.