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Porous hydroxyapatite‐bioactive glass hybrid scaffolds fabricated via ceramic honeycomb extrusion
Author(s) -
Elbadawi Mohammed,
Wally Zena J.,
Reaney Ian M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.15514
Subject(s) - materials science , extrusion , compressive strength , bioactive glass , microstructure , composite number , porosity , composite material , ceramic , fabrication , phase (matter) , honeycomb , honeycomb structure , chemical engineering , chemistry , medicine , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , pathology , engineering
The successful fabrication of hydroxyapatite‐bioactive glass scaffolds using honeycomb extrusion is presented herein. Hydroxyapatite was combined with either 10 wt% stoichiometric Bioglass ® ( BG 1), calcium‐excess Bioglass ® ( BG 2) or canasite ( CAN ). For all composite materials, glass‐induced partial phase transformation of the HA into the mechanically weaker β‐tricalcium phosphate ( TCP ) occurred but XRD data demonstrated that BG 2 exhibited a lower volume fraction of TCP than BG 1. Consequently, the maximum compressive strength observed for BG 1 and BG 2 were 30.3 ± 3.9 and 56.7 ± 6.9 MPa, respectively, for specimens sintered at 1300°C. CAN scaffolds, in contrast, collapsed when handled when sintered below 1300°C, and thus failed. The microstructure illustrated a morphology similar to that of BG 1 sintered at 1200°C, and hence a comparable compressive strength (11.4 ± 3.1 MPa). The results highlight the great potential offered by honeycomb extrusion for fabricating high‐strength porous scaffolds. The compressive strengths exceed that of commercial scaffolds, and biological tests revealed an increase in cell viability over 7 days for all hybrid scaffolds. Thus it is expected that the incorporation of 10 wt% bioactive glass will provide the added advantage of enhanced bioactivity in concert with improved mechanical stability.